Clean water in
Industrial RO Skid Systems
Dissolved salts out — the one thing no filter can touch.
Reverse osmosis pushes water through a membrane so tight that dissolved salts cannot follow. It is the treatment for high TDS — the salty, brackish water no sand, carbon or UF filter can fix. An industrial skid puts the whole plant on one pre-assembled frame.
What it means
In osmosis, water moves through a semi-permeable membrane from the dilute side to the salty side. Apply enough pressure to the salty side and you reverse it: water is forced out through the membrane, and the salts stay behind. That is reverse osmosis.
Because the salts stay behind, every RO makes two streams: permeate, the purified water, and reject (concentrate), which carries away the salts. The share of feed that becomes permeate is the recovery.
A skid is the plant built as one unit — pre-filters, dosing, high-pressure pump, membrane pressure vessels, valves and instruments on a single frame, tested before it ships and connected on site.
How it works
Step by step, as drawn in the diagram above.
- 1
Pre-treatment
Feed water passes cartridge micron filters — after sand, carbon or UF upstream — so only clean water reaches the membranes.
- 2
Antiscalant dosing
A dosing pump adds antiscalant to stop salts scaling on the membranes as they concentrate.
- 3
High-pressure pump
The HP pump raises the pressure well above the water’s osmotic pressure.
- 4
Membranes split the flow
Inside the pressure vessels, permeate passes the membranes; the concentrated reject leaves through a control valve.
What the instruments watch
An RO plant is judged by a few numbers. The RO Controller puts them on your phone.
- 1 Raw, treated and reject TDS How much the membranes are rejecting — a rising treated TDS means they need attention.
- 2 pH and ORP Water chemistry that affects membrane life and product quality.
- 3 Low and high pressure Pressure either side of the membranes, and the switches that trip the pumps.
- 4 Flow Feed and permeate flow, and so the recovery.
- 5 Pumps and tanks Feed and HP pump run and trip, the multiport valve, source and product tank floats.
What it takes out
- Dissolved salts — typically the large majority of TDS
- Hardness and most dissolved metals
- Fluoride and nitrate, to a large degree
- Particles and microbes that reach the membrane
What it does not
- Some dissolved gases such as CO₂
- Nothing much else — the water is low in minerals, and may be re-mineralised for drinking
Where it is used
- Process water
- Boiler feed
- Packaged drinking water
- High-TDS borewells
- Hotels, hospitals and campuses
What we size it on
- Raw water analysis — TDS and its make-up
- Permeate flow required, per hour or per day
- Target recovery, and where the reject goes
- Pre-treatment needed ahead of the membranes
Looking after it
- Change cartridge filters on schedule
- Keep antiscalant dosing topped up
- Watch normalised flow and TDS; clean membranes when they fall off
- Never let chlorine reach the membranes
Questions, answered
Why does an RO waste water? ＋
The salts removed have to leave somehow; the reject stream carries them out. Recovery is set by the water chemistry — push it too high and salts scale on the membranes.
Do I need RO, or will a softener do? ＋
A softener only removes hardness and leaves TDS much the same. If the problem is high TDS or a salty taste, RO is the answer.
Can I see the plant’s performance remotely? ＋
Yes. The RO Controller connects to the plant’s PLC and shows TDS, pH, ORP, pressures, flows and every pump trip in the Devyami app.
The rest of the treatment train
Clean water in
Water Softeners
Hardness out. Scale, white spots and failing geysers with it.
Clean water in
Sand & Carbon Filters
Particles out with sand. Chlorine, odour and colour out with carbon.
Clean water in
Ultrafiltration (UF)
Particles and microbes out. Minerals stay in.
Clean water out
Sewage Treatment Plants (STP)
A building’s sewage, treated well enough to use again.
Clean water out
Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP)
Industrial effluent, treated to meet discharge or reuse norms.
Send us your water report
Or tell us where your water comes from — we design the treatment train, install it and stand behind it.